Tablets and Inscriptions

Physical identification

Clay tablets, inscribed stone, ostraca and written fragments. Record dimensions, weight, manufacture, surfaces, repairs, labels, mounts and inscriptions before cleaning or treatment.

Key cautions

• Language and script need qualified reading.
• Fresh-looking edges or copied texts can signal modern production.
• Conflict-zone provenance requires heightened due diligence.

Provenance and lawful movement

Ask when the object first appeared outside the ground, who owned it, where it was located, how it left its likely source country and whether the seller warrants good title in writing.

Authenticity and conservation

Condition and authenticity can be intertwined. Artificial deposits, modern joins and restored surfaces may disguise manufacture. No single photograph, certificate or test proves the complete history of an object.