Law and provenance guide

Conflict-Zone Due Diligence

Heightened review for material linked to war, occupation and recent looting.

Why this matters

Heightened review for material linked to war, occupation and recent looting. A responsible collector asks whether the object is authentic, whether it left its source jurisdiction lawfully, whether it entered the destination lawfully and whether the seller has good title.

Core checks

  • Avoid unexplained recent appearance.
  • Check emergency restrictions and Red Lists.
  • Trafficking may fund criminal networks.

Document the analysis

Retain searches, correspondence, legal references, permits, translations, invoices, photographs, catalog entries and warranties. Record the date each online system was checked.

When professional help is justified

Use qualified counsel and customs specialists for high-value, recently surfaced, conflict-zone, funerary, Indigenous, architectural or nationally protected material.

Legal notice: This page is educational, not legal advice. Cultural-property rules change and can depend on facts not visible in a listing.