Law and provenance guide

UNESCO 1970 Convention

The international framework addressing illicit import, export and transfer of cultural property.

Why this matters

The international framework addressing illicit import, export and transfer of cultural property. A responsible collector asks whether the object is authentic, whether it left its source jurisdiction lawfully, whether it entered the destination lawfully and whether the seller has good title.

Core checks

  • Adopted in 1970 and entered into force in 1972.
  • Implementation occurs through national law.
  • Research source and destination jurisdictions.

Document the analysis

Retain searches, correspondence, legal references, permits, translations, invoices, photographs, catalog entries and warranties. Record the date each online system was checked.

When professional help is justified

Use qualified counsel and customs specialists for high-value, recently surfaced, conflict-zone, funerary, Indigenous, architectural or nationally protected material.

Official resources

Legal notice: This page is educational, not legal advice. Cultural-property rules change and can depend on facts not visible in a listing.