Bronze and Copper Alloys

Physical identification

Cast and worked copper-alloy objects with corrosion and patina. Record dimensions, weight, manufacture, surfaces, repairs, labels, mounts and inscriptions before cleaning or treatment.

Key cautions

• Powdery bright-green corrosion can be active.
• Artificial patina and modern recasting are concerns.
• Do not oil or wax without a plan.

Provenance and lawful movement

Document texture, joins, deposits, corrosion, movement and prior treatment. Stop handling when surfaces powder, flakes lift, corrosion appears active or cracks move.

Authenticity and conservation

Condition and authenticity can be intertwined. Artificial deposits, modern joins and restored surfaces may disguise manufacture. No single photograph, certificate or test proves the complete history of an object.