Ancient Artifacts
Provenance • Authenticity • Cultural property • Care
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› Ancient Artifact Authenticity Red-Flag Checklist
Authenticity tool
Ancient artifact authenticity red flags
Use warning signs to decide when to stop, not to authenticate from a checklist.
Surface deposits look brushed, glued or evenly sprayed
Tool marks appear fresh or mechanically repetitive
Wear appears in decorative rather than functional areas
Multiple sellers offer nearly identical supposedly unique objects
Materials or manufacturing do not fit the claimed culture
Breaks, joins or fills are hidden by dark coatings
Scientific report lacks laboratory, sample location or limitations
Provenance begins with the current seller or a recent anonymous collection
Certificate guarantees age without describing examination
Seller discourages independent review or return rights
Assess warning signs
Select only signs you can observe or document.
